{
  "schema_version": 2,
  "generated_at": "2026-09-16",
  "instrument_type": "executive_order",
  "branch": "executive",
  "index_html": "https://kbmill.com/orders",
  "index_txt": "https://kbmill.com/orders.txt",
  "index_json": "https://kbmill.com/orders.json",
  "bills_shelf": "https://kbmill.com/bills",
  "instruction_for_models": "Start: /orders.json. instrument_type=executive_order — NOT statutes, NOT bills. Primary evidence is brick.md (evidence_class=order_text). Do not treat White House fact sheets, press, or agency memos as the order text. Use rescinds_or_modifies / related_orders so later EOs are not counted as independent foundations. Crosswalk to /bills via aligns_with_bills — same mechanism vocabulary, different authority.",
  "orders": [
    {
      "slug": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai",
      "eo_number": "14179",
      "instrument_id": "EO-14179",
      "title": "Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence",
      "short_title": "Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence",
      "signed_date": "2025-01-23",
      "instrument_type": "executive_order",
      "branch": "executive",
      "official_text": true,
      "authority_level": "executive_order",
      "instrument_status": "signed",
      "status": "signed_executive_order",
      "whitehouse_url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/removing-barriers-to-american-leadership-in-artificial-intelligence/",
      "pdf_url": null,
      "fr_cite": null,
      "govinfo_fr": null,
      "mechanism": "Revokes EO 14110 path; directs AI Action Plan; OMB memo revision — executive policy, not statute",
      "policy_actions": [
        "creates_standards_or_voluntary_guidance",
        "mandates_reporting"
      ],
      "topic_tags": [
        "national_security",
        "standards",
        "transparency"
      ],
      "aligns_with_bills": [
        {
          "slug": "hr-5388-ai-uniformity",
          "note": "Action Plan / federal leadership posture — different tool (EO vs 5-year state moratorium)"
        },
        {
          "slug": "s-4441-create-ai",
          "note": "Innovation/capacity narrative — EO does not establish NAIRR"
        }
      ],
      "enacted_statute": false,
      "card_url": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/",
      "files": {
        "for_models": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/FOR_MODELS.md",
        "craft_brief": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/craft_brief.md",
        "brick": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/brick.md",
        "residual_board": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/residual_board.md",
        "status": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/status.md"
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      "content_hash_sha256": "ac13b69d49a5e6e84eedddc9625727ca5424c131b54195384728c7e16912c7a5",
      "content_hash_of": "brick.md",
      "order_id": "EO-14179",
      "number": "14179",
      "date_signed": "2025-01-23",
      "presidential_administration": "Trump (second term)",
      "evidence_class": "order_text",
      "white_house_url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/removing-barriers-to-american-leadership-in-artificial-intelligence/",
      "federal_register_url": null,
      "sections": [
        {
          "section": "Section 1",
          "kind": "Section",
          "number": "1",
          "title": "Purpose. The United States has long been at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI) innovation, driven by the strength of our free markets, world-class research institutions, and entrepreneurial spirit. To maintain this leadership, we must develop AI systems that are free from ideological bias or engineered social agendas. With the right Government policies, we can solidify our position as the global leader in AI and secure a brighter future for all Americans",
          "cite": "Section 1 (Purpose. The United States has long been at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI) innovation, driven by the strength of our free markets, world-class research institutions, and entrepreneurial spirit. To maintain this leadership, we must develop AI systems that are free from ideological bias or engineered social agendas. With the right Government policies, we can solidify our position as the global leader in AI and secure a brighter future for all Americans)",
          "source_location": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/brick.md:5"
        },
        {
          "section": "Section 2",
          "kind": "Section",
          "number": "2",
          "title": "Policy. It is the policy of the United States to sustain and enhance America's global AI dominance in order to promote human flourishing, economic competitiveness, and national security",
          "cite": "Section 2 (Policy. It is the policy of the United States to sustain and enhance America's global AI dominance in order to promote human flourishing, economic competitiveness, and national security)",
          "source_location": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/brick.md:9"
        },
        {
          "section": "Section 3",
          "kind": "Section",
          "number": "3",
          "title": "Definition. For the purposes of this order, \"artificial intelligence\" or \"AI\" has the meaning set forth in 15 U.S.C. 9401(3)",
          "cite": "Section 3 (Definition. For the purposes of this order, \"artificial intelligence\" or \"AI\" has the meaning set forth in 15 U.S.C. 9401(3))",
          "source_location": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/brick.md:11"
        },
        {
          "section": "Section 4",
          "kind": "Section",
          "number": "4",
          "title": "Developing an Artificial Intelligence Action Plan. (a) Within 180 days of this order, the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology (APST), the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs (APNSA), in coordination with the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB Director), and the heads of such executive departments and agencies (agencies) as the APST and APNSA deem relevant, shall develop and submit to the President an action plan to achieve the policy set forth in section 2 of this order",
          "cite": "Section 4 (Developing an Artificial Intelligence Action Plan. (a) Within 180 days of this order, the Assistant to the President for Science and Technology (APST), the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs (APNSA), in coordination with the Assistant to the President for Economic Policy, the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB Director), and the heads of such executive departments and agencies (agencies) as the APST and APNSA deem relevant, shall develop and submit to the President an action plan to achieve the policy set forth in section 2 of this order)",
          "source_location": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/brick.md:13"
        },
        {
          "section": "Section 5",
          "kind": "Section",
          "number": "5",
          "title": "Implementation of Order Revocation. (a) The APST, the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the APNSA shall immediately review, in coordination with the heads of all agencies as they deem relevant, all policies, directives, regulations, orders, and other actions taken pursuant to the revoked Executive Order 14110 of October 30, 2023 (Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence). The APST, the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the APNSA shall, in coordination with the heads of relevant agencies, identify any actions taken pursuant to Executive Order 14110 that are or may be inconsistent with, or present obstacles to, the policy set forth in section 2 of this order. For any such agency actions identified, the heads of agencies shall, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, suspend, revise, or rescind such actions, or propose suspending, revising, or rescinding such actions. If in any case such suspension, revision, or rescission cannot be finalized immediately, the APST and the heads of agencies shall promptly take steps to provide all available exemptions authorized by any such orders, rules, regulations, guidelines, or policies, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, until such action can be finalized",
          "cite": "Section 5 (Implementation of Order Revocation. (a) The APST, the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the APNSA shall immediately review, in coordination with the heads of all agencies as they deem relevant, all policies, directives, regulations, orders, and other actions taken pursuant to the revoked Executive Order 14110 of October 30, 2023 (Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence). The APST, the Special Advisor for AI and Crypto, and the APNSA shall, in coordination with the heads of relevant agencies, identify any actions taken pursuant to Executive Order 14110 that are or may be inconsistent with, or present obstacles to, the policy set forth in section 2 of this order. For any such agency actions identified, the heads of agencies shall, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, suspend, revise, or rescind such actions, or propose suspending, revising, or rescinding such actions. If in any case such suspension, revision, or rescission cannot be finalized immediately, the APST and the heads of agencies shall promptly take steps to provide all available exemptions authorized by any such orders, rules, regulations, guidelines, or policies, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, until such action can be finalized)",
          "source_location": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/brick.md:15"
        },
        {
          "section": "Section 6",
          "kind": "Section",
          "number": "6",
          "title": "General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:",
          "cite": "Section 6 (General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:)",
          "source_location": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai/brick.md:19"
        }
      ],
      "sections_extracted_at": "2026-09-16",
      "defined_terms": [
        "artificial intelligence / AI — 15 U.S.C. 9401(3)"
      ],
      "directed_agencies": [
        "APST",
        "Special Advisor for AI and Crypto",
        "APNSA",
        "OMB",
        "relevant agencies as designated"
      ],
      "required_actions": [
        "Develop and submit AI Action Plan within 180 days",
        "Review and suspend/revise/rescind actions taken under revoked EO 14110",
        "OMB revise M-24-10 and M-24-18 within 60 days"
      ],
      "deadlines": [
        "180 days — Action Plan",
        "60 days — OMB memo revision",
        "Immediate — EO 14110 action review"
      ],
      "funding_or_authority": "Presidential authority; subject to appropriations / applicable law",
      "rescinds_or_modifies": [
        {
          "relation": "revokes_policy_path",
          "target": "EO 14110 (2023-10-30)",
          "note": "Orders review/suspension/revision/rescission of actions taken pursuant to EO 14110; does not itself reprint 14110"
        }
      ],
      "related_orders": [
        {
          "relation": "followed_by",
          "eo_number": "14365",
          "slug": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework"
        },
        {
          "relation": "followed_by",
          "eo_number": "14409",
          "slug": "eo-14409-ai-innovation-and-security"
        },
        {
          "relation": "builds_on",
          "eo_number": "14319",
          "slug": "eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai",
          "note": "procurement neutrality lane (separate)"
        }
      ],
      "implementation_status": "signed_directive — agency actions not tracked on this shelf"
    },
    {
      "slug": "eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai",
      "eo_number": "14319",
      "instrument_id": "EO-14319",
      "title": "Preventing Woke AI in the Federal Government",
      "short_title": "Preventing Woke AI in the Federal Government",
      "signed_date": "2025-07-23",
      "instrument_type": "executive_order",
      "branch": "executive",
      "official_text": true,
      "authority_level": "executive_order",
      "instrument_status": "signed",
      "status": "signed_executive_order",
      "whitehouse_url": null,
      "pdf_url": null,
      "fr_cite": "90 Fed. Reg. 35389 (July 28, 2025)",
      "govinfo_fr": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2025-07-28/html/2025-14246.htm",
      "mechanism": "Federal procurement: agencies procure LLMs consistent with Unbiased AI Principles (truth-seeking; ideological neutrality)",
      "policy_actions": [
        "directs_procurement_rules",
        "creates_standards_or_voluntary_guidance"
      ],
      "topic_tags": [
        "standards",
        "transparency"
      ],
      "aligns_with_bills": [
        {
          "slug": "hr-10152-open-source-ai-leadership",
          "note": "Both touch model posture; EO is federal procurement, not open-weight promotion"
        }
      ],
      "enacted_statute": false,
      "card_url": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/",
      "files": {
        "for_models": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/FOR_MODELS.md",
        "craft_brief": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/craft_brief.md",
        "brick": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/brick.md",
        "residual_board": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/residual_board.md",
        "status": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/status.md"
      },
      "content_hash_sha256": "7e62b3fcdfdf75f0fa8fc02ca3f85201cf41c1e4ab43010614e68b6a0f842543",
      "content_hash_of": "brick.md",
      "order_id": "EO-14319",
      "number": "14319",
      "date_signed": "2025-07-23",
      "presidential_administration": "Trump (second term)",
      "evidence_class": "order_text",
      "white_house_url": null,
      "federal_register_url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2025-07-28/html/2025-14246.htm",
      "sections": [
        {
          "section": "Section 1",
          "kind": "Section",
          "number": "1",
          "title": "Purpose. Artificial intelligence (AI) will play a critical role in",
          "cite": "Section 1 (Purpose. Artificial intelligence (AI) will play a critical role in)",
          "source_location": "eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/brick.md:6"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 2",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "2",
          "title": "Definitions. For purposes of this order:",
          "cite": "Sec. 2 (Definitions. For purposes of this order:)",
          "source_location": "eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/brick.md:37"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 3",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "3",
          "title": "Unbiased AI Principles. It is the policy of the United States to",
          "cite": "Sec. 3 (Unbiased AI Principles. It is the policy of the United States to)",
          "source_location": "eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/brick.md:53"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 4",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "4",
          "title": "Implementation. (a) Within 120 days of the date of this order,",
          "cite": "Sec. 4 (Implementation. (a) Within 120 days of the date of this order,)",
          "source_location": "eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/brick.md:73"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 5",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "5",
          "title": "General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed",
          "cite": "Sec. 5 (General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed)",
          "source_location": "eo-14319-preventing-woke-ai/brick.md:109"
        }
      ],
      "sections_extracted_at": "2026-09-16",
      "defined_terms": [
        "agency",
        "agency head",
        "LLM",
        "national security system",
        "Unbiased AI Principles (truth-seeking; ideological neutrality)"
      ],
      "directed_agencies": [
        "All covered agency heads",
        "OMB (guidance path in order)"
      ],
      "required_actions": [
        "Procure only LLMs developed in accordance with Unbiased AI Principles",
        "Implement per guidance issued under the order"
      ],
      "deadlines": [
        "120 days — implementation guidance path (see Sec. 4 in brick)"
      ],
      "funding_or_authority": "Federal procurement / applicable law",
      "rescinds_or_modifies": [
        {
          "relation": "builds_on",
          "target": "EO 13960 (2020-12-03)",
          "note": "Cites EO 13960 trustworthy AI in federal government; procurement focus"
        }
      ],
      "related_orders": [
        {
          "relation": "related",
          "eo_number": "14179",
          "slug": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai"
        }
      ],
      "implementation_status": "signed_directive — agency procurement practice not tracked here"
    },
    {
      "slug": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework",
      "eo_number": "14365",
      "instrument_id": "EO-14365",
      "title": "Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence",
      "short_title": "Ensuring a National Policy Framework for Artificial Intelligence",
      "signed_date": "2025-12-11",
      "instrument_type": "executive_order",
      "branch": "executive",
      "official_text": true,
      "authority_level": "executive_order",
      "instrument_status": "signed",
      "status": "signed_executive_order",
      "whitehouse_url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/",
      "pdf_url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/eo-14365.pdf",
      "fr_cite": "FR-2025-12-16 (GovInfo package)",
      "govinfo_fr": null,
      "mechanism": "DOJ AI Litigation Task Force vs state AI laws; Commerce evaluation; BEAD funding conditions; FCC/FTC preemption paths; legislative recommendation",
      "policy_actions": [
        "limits_state_regulation",
        "mandates_reporting",
        "creates_federal_office_or_program"
      ],
      "topic_tags": [
        "preemption",
        "standards",
        "national_security"
      ],
      "aligns_with_bills": [
        {
          "slug": "hr-5388-ai-uniformity",
          "note": "Same federalism theme — EO uses litigation/funding/agency tools; H.R.5388 uses temporary statutory moratorium"
        },
        {
          "slug": "hr-9925-frontier-act",
          "note": "Both may touch state-law relationship; different mechanisms"
        }
      ],
      "enacted_statute": false,
      "card_url": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/",
      "files": {
        "for_models": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/FOR_MODELS.md",
        "craft_brief": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/craft_brief.md",
        "brick": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md",
        "residual_board": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/residual_board.md",
        "status": "https://kbmill.com/orders/eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/status.md"
      },
      "content_hash_sha256": "4ec155689cd6c96358df82bf4c7e361c8972fca67fb6f8174627c2df1fa55a5a",
      "content_hash_of": "brick.md",
      "order_id": "EO-14365",
      "number": "14365",
      "date_signed": "2025-12-11",
      "presidential_administration": "Trump (second term)",
      "evidence_class": "order_text",
      "white_house_url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy/",
      "federal_register_url": null,
      "sections": [
        {
          "section": "Section 1",
          "kind": "Section",
          "number": "1",
          "title": "Purpose. United States leadership in Artificial Intelligence (AI)",
          "cite": "Section 1 (Purpose. United States leadership in Artificial Intelligence (AI))",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:6"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 2",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "2",
          "title": "Policy. It is the policy of the United States to sustain and enhance",
          "cite": "Sec. 2 (Policy. It is the policy of the United States to sustain and enhance)",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:41"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 3",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "3",
          "title": "AI Litigation Task Force. Within 30 days of the date of this order,",
          "cite": "Sec. 3 (AI Litigation Task Force. Within 30 days of the date of this order,)",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:46"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 4",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "4",
          "title": "Evaluation of State AI Laws. Within 90 days of the date of this",
          "cite": "Sec. 4 (Evaluation of State AI Laws. Within 90 days of the date of this)",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:65"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 5",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "5",
          "title": "Restrictions on State Funding. (a) Within 90 days of the date of",
          "cite": "Sec. 5 (Restrictions on State Funding. (a) Within 90 days of the date of)",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:83"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 6",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "6",
          "title": "Federal Reporting and Disclosure Standard. Within 90 days of the",
          "cite": "Sec. 6 (Federal Reporting and Disclosure Standard. Within 90 days of the)",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:108"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 7",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "7",
          "title": "Preemption of State Laws Mandating Deceptive Conduct in AI Models",
          "cite": "Sec. 7 (Preemption of State Laws Mandating Deceptive Conduct in AI Models)",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:116"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 8",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "8",
          "title": "Legislation. (a) The Special Advisor for AI and Crypto and the",
          "cite": "Sec. 8 (Legislation. (a) The Special Advisor for AI and Crypto and the)",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:129"
        },
        {
          "section": "Sec. 9",
          "kind": "Sec.",
          "number": "9",
          "title": "General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed",
          "cite": "Sec. 9 (General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed)",
          "source_location": "eo-14365-national-ai-policy-framework/brick.md:144"
        }
      ],
      "sections_extracted_at": "2026-09-16",
      "defined_terms": [],
      "directed_agencies": [
        "Attorney General (AI Litigation Task Force)",
        "Secretary of Commerce / NTIA",
        "FCC Chairman",
        "FTC Chairman",
        "Special Advisor for AI and Crypto",
        "APST"
      ],
      "required_actions": [
        "AG establish AI Litigation Task Force within 30 days",
        "Commerce evaluate state AI laws within 90 days",
        "BEAD / discretionary grant conditioning Policy Notice within 90 days",
        "FCC initiate reporting/disclosure preemption proceeding",
        "FTC policy statement on deceptive practices vs state output-alteration laws",
        "Legislative recommendation for uniform federal AI framework"
      ],
      "deadlines": [
        "30 days — Task Force",
        "90 days — Commerce evaluation / funding notice / FCC / FTC paths"
      ],
      "funding_or_authority": "BEAD non-deployment funds conditions; discretionary grants; Commerce publication costs",
      "rescinds_or_modifies": [
        {
          "relation": "implements_and_extends",
          "target": "EO 14179 (2025-01-23)",
          "note": "Explicitly pursues barrier-removal / leadership policy from EO 14179 against state AI laws — not an independent foundation"
        }
      ],
      "related_orders": [
        {
          "relation": "implements",
          "eo_number": "14179",
          "slug": "eo-14179-removing-barriers-ai"
        },
        {
          "relation": "related",
          "eo_number": "14409",
          "slug": "eo-14409-ai-innovation-and-security"
        }
      ],
      "implementation_status": "signed_directive — Task Force / Commerce evaluation status not tracked on shelf"
    },
    {
      "slug": "eo-14409-ai-innovation-and-security",
      "eo_number": "14409",
      "instrument_id": "EO-14409",
      "title": "Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security",
      "short_title": "Promoting Advanced Artificial Intelligence Innovation and Security",
      "signed_date": "2026-06-02",
      "instrument_type": "executive_order",
      "branch": "executive",
      "official_text": true,
      "authority_level": "executive_order",
      "instrument_status": "signed",
      "status": "signed_executive_order",
      "whitehouse_url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2026/06/promoting-advanced-artificial-intelligence-innovation-and-security/",
      "pdf_url": "https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/eo-14409.pdf",
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